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Charles Babbage (December 26, 1791 - October 18, 1871) was an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer who originated the concept of a programmable computer. In 1822 he began work on what he called the difference engine, made to compute values of polynomial functions, and created to calculate a series of values automatically. By using the method of finite differences, it was possible to avoid the need for multiplication and division. Although his machines were mechanical and unwieldy, their basic architecture was very similar to a modern computer and were among the first mechanical computers, although they were not actually completed. Soon after the attempt at making the difference engine crumbled, he started designing a different, more complex machine called the Analytical Engine. The main difference between the two engines is that the Analytical Engine could be programmed using punched cards. He realized that programs could be put on these cards so the des...