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Chief Red Cloud, holding peace pipe, circa 1900s. Red Cloud (1822 - December 10, 1909) was a very strong war leader and a chief of the Oglala Lakota. The Oglala Lakota or Oglala Sioux are one of the seven sub-tribes of the Lakota people, who along with the Nakota and Dakota, make up the Great Sioux Nation. He led as a chief from 1868 to 1909. One of the most capable Native American opponents the United States Army faced, he led a successful campaign in 1866-1868 known as Red Cloud's War. After signing the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), he led his people in the important transition to reservation life, but continued fighting for his people. In 1887 he opposed the Dawes Act. The US declared additional communal tribal lands as excess, and sold it to emigrant settlers. In 1889 he opposed a treaty to sell more of the Lakota land. Due to his steadfastness and that of Sitting Bull, government agents obtained the necessary signatures for approval through subterfuge, such as using the signature...