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15th century miniatures show Tamerlane besieging the Hospitalers' castle at Smyra an ancient city located at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. The drawbridge has been raised, but the Muslim troops have made another bridge on the right. Soldiers with wooden shields rush the wall. In the upper right corner a mine is being dug. In the lower right Tamerlane, in red, is on horseback. Smyrna had been captured from the Turks by the Knights of St. John (the Hospitallers) in 1344, and since then had resisted a number of Ottoman assaults. The siege only lasted for fifteen days. During that time Tamerlane's men blocked the harbour entrance with stones, preventing any more reinforcements from arriving, while the walls were pounded by siege engines and undermined. Finally, in December 1402 the city fell to an assault. As was almost always the case when he took a city by storm, Tamerlane ordered a massacre of the population and destroyed the fortifications. Timur (1336-...